Medicinal Signs cover

Medicinal Signs

Rating 3.8
Word count
40K words
Chapters
61
ISBN
9787513235785

Tags

Summary

Drug Indications (Yaozheng), in three juan, was written by the renowned Japanese physician Yoshimasu Todo. The book covers fifty-three drugs, each divided into sections on primary indications, secondary indications, evidential examination, cross-examination, error correction, and quality assessment, citing famous Chinese materia medica works such as the Compendium of Materia Medica to explain each drug item by item. The author advocated a clinical method of substituting drugs for formulas and formulas for patterns, emphasized empirical personal testing in determining drug indications, stressed toxic-pathogen causation in etiology and pathogenesis, and emphasized the action of drug toxicity in treatment; these scholarly ideas played an important role in the later development of medicine. This edition is based on the Siwen Tang print of the fifth year of the Tenmei era (1785), held in the National Library of Japan.

Editor's review

Drug Indications (Yaozheng) is the representative materia medica work of the Japanese Koho-school physician Yoshimasu Todo. In three juan, it covers fifty-three drugs, each divided into sections on primary indications, secondary indications, evidential examination, cross-examination, error correction, and quality assessment, with a rigorous format and meticulous examination. Its core value lies in the author's rejection of vague speculation based on nature, flavor, and channel attribution in favor of determining drug indications through empirical personal testing; he advocated the clinical path of "substituting drugs for formulas and formulas for patterns," attributed disease causation to toxic pathogens, and focused treatment on the action of drug toxicity, forming a self-consistent and pragmatic view of formulas and drugs. The book extensively cites Chinese materia medica literature such as the Compendium of Materia Medica, offering both a view of how Japanese Kampo medicine received and transformed the Chinese medical tradition and first-hand material for comparative study of Chinese and Japanese materia medica. This edition is based on the Japanese Tenmei 5 (1785) Siwen Tang print, a reliable version. It is best read alongside the formula-pattern passages of the Treatise on Cold Damage and the Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet to appreciate the origins and edge of its "formula-pattern correspondence" approach. For clinicians, the book's definitions of many drug indications are concise and direct and can serve as a reference for simplifying prescriptions; for historians of medicine and textual scholars, it is an important entry point for understanding the scholarly character of the Koho school.

Who it's for

A good fit for

  • Clinicians of Chinese medicine who wish to simplify formulas and strengthen formula-pattern correspondence thinking
  • Historians of medicine and textual scholars studying the history of Japanese Kampo medicine and the scholarly origins of the Koho school
  • Chinese medicine learners already familiar with the formula-pattern passages of the Treatise on Cold Damage who wish to further understand the basis for drug indications
  • Researchers interested in Sino-Japanese materia medica exchange and comparative study

Not a good fit for

  • Complete beginners with no Chinese medicine background who have not yet encountered formula or materia medica concepts
  • Readers expecting systematic study of modern pharmacology and clinical medication standards
  • Primary-care practitioners who prefer looking up formulas by disease name and need extensive modern case references

Reading tips

  1. First read the format notes at the beginning of the volume to clarify the meaning and relationships of the sections on primary indications, secondary indications, evidential examination, and so on, then read drug by drug.
  2. For each drug, compare the relevant formula passages in the Treatise on Cold Damage and the Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet to see how the author works back from formula-patterns to drug indications.
  3. Focus on the "error correction" and "cross-examination" sections, noting the author's grounds for refuting older views, and jot down differences from current materia medica works.
  4. After finishing the book, select three to five commonly used clinical drugs for a thematic review, comparing their defined indications with those in later materia medica.

About the publisher

China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine focuses on publishing books in traditional Chinese medicine, covering Chinese medical classics, clinical medicine, acupuncture and tuina, materia medica and formulae, and medical history and literature; its catalogue includes 3,277 titles. Representative books include Xiao Er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue, Shang Han Lun, Yi Xue Zhong Zhong Can Xi Lu, Zhen Jiu Da Cheng, Yi Zong Jin Jian, and Guo Aichun's Annotated Huangdi Neijing Suwen (Second Edition). These works involve writings by historical physicians such as Qian Yi, Zhang Zhongjing, Wang Shuhe, and Zhang Xichun, as well as documentary studies compiled by contemporary authors including Zhao Xin, Zhen Xueyan, Zhang Yongtai, and Wang Xiangang. In terms of publishing characteristics, the press emphasizes collation and annotation of original Chinese medical classics and the systematic presentation of famous physicians' works, balancing the transmission of ancient editions with reference for clinical application. Public information is limited, and no other publishing fields are covered here.

Contents

  1. 版权信息
  2. 校注说明
  3. 序
  4. 上卷
  5. 石膏
  6. 滑石
  7. 芒消
  8. 甘草
  9. 黄耆
  10. 人参
  11. 桔梗
  12. 术
  13. 白头翁
  14. 中卷
  15. 黄连
  16. 黄芩
  17. 柴胡
  18. 贝母
  19. 细辛
  20. 当归 芎
  21. 芍药
  22. 牡丹皮
  23. 茵陈蒿
  24. 艾
  25. 麻黄
  26. 地黄
  27. 葶苈
  28. 大黄
  29. 大戟
  30. 甘遂
  31. 附子
  32. 半夏
  33. 芫花
  34. 五味子
  35. 栝蒌实
  36. 葛根
  37. 防己
  38. 下卷
  39. 香豉
  40. 泽泻
  41. 薏苡仁
  42. 薤白
  43. 干姜
  44. 杏仁
  45. 大枣
  46. 橘皮
  47. 吴茱萸
  48. 瓜蒂
  49. 桂枝
  50. 厚朴
  51. 枳实
  52. 栀子
  53. 酸枣仁
  54. 茯苓
  55. 猪苓
  56. 水蛭
  57. 龙骨
  58. 牡蛎
  59. 跋
  60. 东洞先生著述书目记
  61. 校注后记

FAQ

What exactly does "substituting drugs for formulas and formulas for patterns" mean?
This is Yoshimasu Todo's clinical methodology: first confirm which pattern a given drug primarily treats, then infer the direction of a formula's action from the drug's indications, and thereby match formulas to patterns. It emphasizes starting from empirical drug evidence rather than inferring medication from etiology; readers can follow how this approach unfolds in the book's "evidential examination" sections.
What is this book's relationship to the Compendium of Materia Medica?
The book cites Chinese materia medica works such as the Compendium of Materia Medica in many places, but it does not simply reproduce them; it examines and corrects them, with some entries explicitly marked "error correction." Drug Indications can be seen as a selective reorganization and rejudgment undertaken by the Japanese Koho school after receiving the Chinese materia medica tradition.
What is the basis of the edition used for this compilation?
This edition was collated and annotated from the Siwen Tang print of the fifth year of the Tenmei era (1785), held in the National Library of Japan. This early printing reflects the early form of Drug Indications and is valuable for studying textual transmission and variant readings.
Can it be read without any Japanese?
Yes. This is a Chinese-language medical text; the main text is written in Chinese, and this edition has been collated and annotated. Readers need only the basic ability to read ancient Chinese medical texts; the main difficulty lies in understanding formula-pattern terminology and the Koho school's mode of argument, not in language barriers.

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About the author

古益为则 Author

Gu Yiweize (Koyi Isoku): information about his life, nationality and dates remains very limited in publicly available sources and calls for further verification. Among the works held in this catalogue, only one title is attributed to him, Yao Zheng (Medicinal Evidence), classified under health and centred on medicinal substances, making it a work in the tradition of materia medica. Judging from this sole surviving title, Gu Yiweize's writing focuses on arranging the properties and uses of drugs in an orderly manner; his style is concise and practical rather than ornate, closer to a usable record of medicinal properties and a reference for pattern-based practice. Limited materials make it difficult today to reconstruct his full scholarly context or the process by which the book was compiled, yet Yao Zheng still offers a text of reference for the study of relevant medicinal knowledge. For readers, rather than focusing on the author himself, it is better to begin with this work, understand the basic orientation of its discussion of drugs and the marks of its era, and read it with a cautious attitude.