The Dog Strategy cover

The Dog Strategy

Rating 4.0
Word count
3.1K words
Chapters
6

Tags

Summary

King Wu asked the Grand Duke: "When a king commands an army and the three forces are dispersed in separate places, if he wishes them to converge at an appointed time for joint battle, with oaths sworn and rewards and punishments fixed, how should this be done?" The Grand Duke said: "In all methods of employing troops, when the three forces are numerous, there must be changes of division and concentration. The chief general should first fix the field and day of battle, then send written orders to the various commanders and officers, setting the time for attacking cities and besieging towns, each to assemble at its assigned place, clearly announcing the day of battle and the precise hour by the water clock. The chief general establishes a camp and forms ranks, sets up markers at the gate of the command post, clears the roads, and waits. When the commanders and officers arrive, he checks who came first and who later: those who arrive ahead of time are rewarded, those who arrive late are beheaded. In this way near and far rush to assemble; the three forces all arrive and join strength in joint battle."

Editor's review

“Quan Tao” (The Dog Strategy) is an ancient military text attributed to Grand Duke Wang; this edition was printed by Shanghai Jinzhang Book Company. The chapter unfolds as a dialogue between King Wu and the Grand Duke, focusing on the organization and command problems a ruler faces when leading an army: the division and concentration of the three forces, convergence at an appointed time for joint battle, oaths sworn, and rewards and punishments. The text is concise, and its dialogue form makes the statement of military principles fairly direct: first fix the field and day of battle, then send written orders setting the time; establish a camp, set up markers, clear the roads, and wait for the commanders; enforce discipline by rewarding those who arrive early and beheading those who arrive late. Its highlight lies in presenting the scheduling of division and concentration before “joint battle” as an operable procedure, involving communication, assembly, timekeeping, and rewards and punishments, and it is of reference value for understanding ancient military organizational thought. In reading, it is best treated as a fragment on command management within military literature, to be appreciated in light of pre-Qin military institutions and its regulatory style of expression; it should not be read as a literary story.

Who it's for

A good fit for

  • Researchers of ancient Chinese military thought who need to study the original military texts
  • Readers interested in pre-Qin military organization and command systems
  • Enthusiasts of military literature willing to read short dialogue-form chapters
  • History students who need supplementary military-text material for reference

Not a good fit for

  • Readers expecting a complete art-of-war system or a long strategic treatise
  • Beginners who prefer modern vernacular interpretation and do not wish to engage with classical Chinese
  • Readers seeking practical tactical diagrams or modern management case studies

Reading tips

  1. First read through the full dialogue, marking three kinds of key terms—division and concentration, appointed convergence, and rewards and punishments—and sort out the command procedure.
  2. Read with a basic knowledge of pre-Qin military institutions, noting the institutional meaning of details such as written orders, the water clock, and setting up markers.
  3. Read alongside other chapters of the Six Secret Teachings to observe how different themes are developed under the same dialogue format.
  4. After reading, try retelling in a paragraph of plain Chinese the organizational steps of “converging at an appointed time for joint battle” to test whether the understanding is accurate.

About the publisher

Jinzhang Book Company (Jinzhang Shuju) China · Founded in 1901

Jinzhang Book Company (Jinzhang Shuju) was a private publishing and distribution house in Shanghai during the late Qing and early Republican periods, issuing traditional works by lithographic printing. Judging from the 1,194 titles in the collection, its publishing focused on classical poetry, Eastern philosophy, historical reading, traditional Chinese medical texts, and canonical works, along with books on literary appreciation. Representative titles include the poetry and prose collections of Du Fu and Ouyang Xiu; historical works such as the Book of Han and Zizhi Tongjian; classical texts such as the Book of Documents and Mencius; and specialized and literary classics such as Treatise on Cold Damage and Li Sao. Its author resources cover major figures across the ages, including Du Fu, Ban Gu, Sima Guang, Zhang Zhongjing, Qu Yuan, Ouyang Xiu, and Tang Shenwei, reflecting the house's characteristic reliance on traditional scholarship and medical literature while serving general readers. Public information on its early history and operational details is limited, so no conjecture is offered here.

Contents

  1. 版权信息
  2. 正文一
  3. 正文二
  4. 正文三
  5. 正文四
  6. 正文五

FAQ

Was “Quan Tao” written by Grand Duke Wang himself?
Scholars generally regard the Six Secret Teachings as a military work attributed to Grand Duke Wang; its composition took place over a long process and it was not written by Grand Duke Wang himself. This chapter takes the form of a dialogue between King Wu and the Grand Duke, a common device of attribution in ancient military texts; readers should study it as military literature rather than believe it to be a verbatim record.
What military problem does this chapter mainly discuss?
Its core is how the three forces, after being dispersed, converge at an appointed time for joint battle. The Grand Duke proposes first fixing the field and day of battle, sending written orders to inform the commanders, clearly specifying where each is to assemble and the day and hour of battle; the chief general establishes a camp, sets up markers, clears the roads, and waits, and rewards or punishes according to order of arrival, thereby ensuring that near and far units assemble in full and join strength in joint battle.
The text is very short—is it worth reading on its own?
If one is concerned with ancient command scheduling and military discipline regulations, this chapter has fragmentary value: it links assembly, communication, timekeeping, and rewards and punishments into one procedure in concise language. But if one expects a complete strategic system, it is better read within the Six Secret Teachings as a whole; a single chapter is not enough to present the full picture.
What does “those who arrive ahead of time are rewarded, those who arrive late are beheaded” reflect?
It reflects the extreme importance ancient joint battle placed on deadlines. Convergence at an appointed time for joint battle depended on all units reaching designated positions on time; lateness could disrupt the entire deployment, hence severe punishment to establish trust. Readers may thus understand that “oaths sworn and rewards and punishments” in military texts are not idle talk but closely tied to concrete systems of marching and assembly.

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About the author

太公望 Author

Taigong Wang is a legendary name in the tradition of ancient Chinese military studies. His life is closely associated with the historical legends of the transition between the Shang and Zhou dynasties; available public sources are limited, and his specific experiences cannot be conclusively verified. In transmitted texts he is often regarded as a symbol of strategy and military wisdom. The library holds two works under his name: Quan Tao and The Collected Classics of Chinese Studies: Six Secret Teachings and Three Strategies (Collector's Edition). Both fall within the category of ancient military writings and touch on military theory as well as Eastern philosophical thought. Such texts generally unfold in the form of dialogues between ruler and minister, organized into separate chapters, with concise language and profound meaning. They discuss not only the art of war and tactical flexibility but also the principles of governing the state, cultivating virtue, and waging war with caution. Their style is plain and condensed, using concrete situations to illustrate abstract principles, and they have exerted a deep influence on later military studies and strategic culture, often being counted among China's traditional military classics.

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