Military Instruction, Part One cover

Military Instruction, Part One

Rating 4.0
Word count
691 words
Chapters
2

Tags

Summary

"The Upper Chapter on Military Training, Twenty-One" is a treatise on the art of war recorded in the ancient Chinese military classic Weiliaozi. This chapter sets out in detail the methods, steps, discipline, and system of rewards and punishments for training troops, and states that the purpose of training is to "open up territory, guard the altars of state, remove disasters and harms, and complete martial virtue."

Editor's review

"The Upper Chapter on Military Training" comes from the Weiliaozi and is one of the few pre-Qin military texts to discuss military training systematically. Though brief, it sets out training organization, the sequence of steps, disciplinary constraints, and reward and punishment mechanisms in a clear and orderly way, and fixes the goal of training explicitly on "opening up territory, guarding the altars of state, removing disasters and harms, and completing martial virtue," reflecting the ancient strategists' pragmatic attitude that training is for war. For readers who wish to approach pre-Qin military thought through primary sources, this chapter serves as a concrete entry point for observing the Weiliaozi's philosophy of army governance: one can see the details of institutional design and also feel how the ancients thought about military training together with political order and moral requirements. This Bashu Publishing House edition is easy to carry and browse, suitable as material for thematic study or course support, and also for readers interested in military history or management history as further reading. When reading, it is advisable to consult the surrounding chapters and avoid treating a single chapter as a complete system.

Who it's for

A good fit for

  • Readers interested in ancient Chinese military thought who wish to read the primary texts directly
  • University students studying pre-Qin military texts or preparing coursework on them
  • Management readers concerned with organized training, discipline, and reward and punishment mechanisms
  • Traditional culture enthusiasts who need short classical Chinese materials for close-reading practice

Not a good fit for

  • Readers expecting a modern training manual or practical case studies
  • Beginners with weak classical Chinese reading ability who are unwilling to consult annotations
  • Ordinary readers who only want story-driven war narratives

Reading tips

  1. First read through once to grasp the general meaning, then go sentence by sentence with the annotations to sort out the training steps and the reward and punishment provisions.
  2. Read this chapter alongside "The Lower Chapter on Military Training" and compare how the two chapters divide and connect their training methods.
  3. After reading, summarize in one paragraph the relationship between the "purpose of training" and the "institutional means," to test your understanding.

About the publisher

Bashu Publishing House China · Founded in 1983

Bashu Publishing House is a publisher centered on collating and publishing classical Chinese cultural texts, with its main publishing areas covering classical literature, Eastern philosophy, ancient poetry, and educational classics. Its library currently holds 1,075 titles, including representative works such as Dream of the Red Chamber, the Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Gathering, Renjian Cihua, and Out to the Frontier, involving authors such as Cao Xueqin, Wang Xizhi, Wang Guowei, Wang Changling, Liu Xie, and Yan Yu. These reflect the publisher's focus on literary classics, poetry criticism, and philosophical readings. Its publishing character lies in working around ancient texts and canonical works, with attention to textual collation and presentation. Public information on its more detailed publishing background and series plans is limited; this introduction is based only on the library's book information.

Contents

  1. 版权信息
  2. 兵教上第二十一

FAQ

Is "The Upper Chapter on Military Training" a complete military text?
No. It is one chapter of the Weiliaozi, devoted specifically to the methods, steps, discipline, and rewards and punishments of military training. It should be understood in the context of the whole book and not treated as an independent and complete system of military learning.
Can I read it without any foundation in classical Chinese?
You can try, but it is advisable to use an annotated edition or read a vernacular translation first. This chapter involves ancient military terminology, and without any foundation one easily stays at the literal level with limited gain.
What can this chapter offer modern readers?
It discusses the goals of training, process management, and the reward and punishment system together, which offers some reference for understanding how organizations shape behavior through rules, though one should note the differences between ancient and modern institutional contexts.

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About the author

Anonymous Author

Anonymous is not a real personal name but a general Chinese designation for authors whose names are unknown, lost, or unsigned. Neither nationality nor dates of birth and death can be verified, and available public information is limited, so the works attributed to this name are the only basis for description. The collection holds 2,078 works under Anonymous, spanning medicine, classics, historical readings, ancient poetry, classical literature, and philosophy. Representative works include The Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon: Lingshu, Mencius, The Book of Documents, Nineteen Old Poems, Complete Song Ci, and The Peacock Flies Southeast. Most of these works took shape through long transmission and editing, emerging either from collective folk creation or from authors whose names were lost over time. In ancient China, the Book of Songs, the Great Learning, and many popular storybooks and plays were signed Anonymous because their authors could not be traced. Anonymous works cross the classics, histories, philosophical writings, medical texts, and poetry; their subjects are broad, and their styles vary from archaic simplicity to clear naturalness, making them important and influential sources for understanding ancient Chinese thought, medicine, and literature.

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