On Careful Conduct cover

On Careful Conduct

Rating 4.0
Word count
4.2K words
Chapters
8

Tags

Summary

Chapter One: In conduct, one must not fail to be thorough. If not thorough, it is like rushing into a deep stream: though one may regret it, it is too late. The noble man plans his conduct with righteousness in mind; the petty man plans his conduct with profit in mind, and so comes to harm. One who understands the profit within what seems unprofitable can then discuss principle with him.

Editor's review

"Shen Xing Lun" comes from "The Annals of Lü Buwei." This chapter opens with "in conduct, one must not fail to be thorough," grounding "careful conduct" in the division between "planning conduct with righteousness in mind" and "planning conduct with profit in mind." In just a few lines it sketches the fundamental difference between the noble man's and the petty man's logic of action. The simile "if not thorough, it is like rushing into a deep stream: though one may regret it, it is too late" makes the consequences of rash decisions pointed and concrete; the phrase "understanding the profit within what seems unprofitable" is even more worth savoring, prompting readers to step beyond immediate gain and loss and measure conduct from a longer view. This edition printed by Shanghai Jinzhang Book Company is convenient for desk reading and suits slow, careful perusal in quiet hours. It does not offer a manual of operations but an ancient framework for examining one's own actions; while reading, one may compare it with other chapters of "The Annals of Lü Buwei" to appreciate the eclectic, syncretic argumentative style of the Miscellaneous School.

Who it's for

A good fit for

  • General readers interested in pre-Qin masters' thought who want to start from the original text
  • Professionals who need classical texts to reflect on decision-making and the ethics of action
  • Researchers and students in Chinese intellectual history or classical literature
  • Slow readers who enjoy short aphoristic passages and are willing to savor them repeatedly

Not a good fit for

  • Beginners expecting systematic vernacular translation, annotation, and line-by-line explanation
  • Those hoping for concrete action steps or management tools
  • Readers who prefer long narrative storytelling and lack patience for argumentative prose

Reading tips

  1. Read through the original once, mark key words such as "thorough," "righteousness," and "profit," then review their surrounding context.
  2. Copy out "planning conduct with righteousness in mind" and "planning conduct with profit in mind" side by side, and add a brief note in light of a recent decision of your own.
  3. Read alongside other chapters of "The Annals of Lü Buwei" on conduct, noting similarities and differences in the Miscellaneous School's citations and reasoning.
  4. Read only a small passage each time, leave pauses, and rewrite the aphorism in your own words before comparing it with the original.

About the publisher

Jinzhang Book Company (Jinzhang Shuju) China · Founded in 1901

Jinzhang Book Company (Jinzhang Shuju) was a private publishing and distribution house in Shanghai during the late Qing and early Republican periods, issuing traditional works by lithographic printing. Judging from the 1,194 titles in the collection, its publishing focused on classical poetry, Eastern philosophy, historical reading, traditional Chinese medical texts, and canonical works, along with books on literary appreciation. Representative titles include the poetry and prose collections of Du Fu and Ouyang Xiu; historical works such as the Book of Han and Zizhi Tongjian; classical texts such as the Book of Documents and Mencius; and specialized and literary classics such as Treatise on Cold Damage and Li Sao. Its author resources cover major figures across the ages, including Du Fu, Ban Gu, Sima Guang, Zhang Zhongjing, Qu Yuan, Ouyang Xiu, and Tang Shenwei, reflecting the house's characteristic reliance on traditional scholarship and medical literature while serving general readers. Public information on its early history and operational details is limited, so no conjecture is offered here.

Contents

  1. 版权信息
  2. 序
  3. 慎行
  4. 无义
  5. 疑似
  6. 壹行
  7. 求人
  8. 察传

FAQ

How should "shu" in "in conduct, one must not fail to be shu" be understood?
Here "shu" is interchangeable with "shu" meaning cooked, i.e., thorough, careful, and repeatedly considered. The whole sentence stresses that before acting one must think the matter through; otherwise it is like heading straight into a deep stream, and regret comes too late. When reading, grasp it together with the later phrase "planning conduct with righteousness in mind"; it is not merely caution in attitude but includes weighing the grounds of action.
What does "understanding the profit within what seems unprofitable" mean?
This sentence points to a vision beyond immediate gain and loss: only one who can see the long-term benefit contained in what appears unprofitable has the basis for discussing principle. It does not encourage opportunism but requires reweighing "profit" within the framework of righteousness and consequences, echoing the two ways of planning conduct, noble and petty, in this chapter.
Can this chapter be read directly without annotation?
The original is short, but pre-Qin diction and syntax still pose a threshold for general readers. One may first use a reliable annotated translation to clear up words and phrases, then return to the original to feel its tone and structure. If entirely unfamiliar with classical Chinese, it is advisable to start with an annotated translation to avoid missing the argumentative thread because of lexical obstacles.

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About the author

Lü Buwei Author · Chinese

Lü Buwei (c. 292–235 BCE) was a native of Puyang in the State of Wei and a merchant and statesman in the late Warring States period. Backing Prince Yiren of Qin's return to his homeland and succession on the principle of "hoarding a rare commodity," he later served as Chancellor of Qin, was enfeoffed as Marquis Wenxin, and assisted King Zhuangxiang and the young King Zheng of Qin. The Lüshi Chunqiu, compiled by his retainers, draws on the various schools and is a representative work of the Miscellany school; the catalogue holds several of his works, spanning Eastern philosophy, prose and miscellaneous writings, and classic works. After his conflict with King Zheng intensified, he was dismissed, exiled to Shu, and took poison. Details of his life are limited in public sources, yet his book had a profound influence on pre-Qin thought and textual scholarship.

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