Opticks cover

Opticks

Rating 4.8
Word count
565K words
Chapters
57

Tags

Summary

Project Gutenberg was the first provider of free electronic books, or eBooks. Michael Hart, founder of Project Gutenberg, invented eBooks in 1971 and his memory continues to inspire the creation of eBooks and related technologies today. Opticks by Isaac Newton. Author: Newton, Isaac, 1642–1727. Language: English. Class: QC: Science: Physics. Release Date: August 23, 2010.

Editor's review

Opticks is Newton's classic work on optics, written in English, and also a model of modern scientific reasoning. Structured around experimental observations paired with "Queries," it discusses phenomena such as reflection, refraction, dispersion, and interference while leaving conjectures as open questions for later readers. For today's reader its value lies not only in its conclusions but in showing how a participant in the scientific revolution designed experiments, moved from phenomena to principles, and remained restrained and curious where evidence was lacking. The prose carries the syntax and terminology of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century English and requires patience, but for that very reason it brings us close to the original texture of early modern scientific writing. It suits courses in the history of science, the history of physics, and the philosophy of science as supplementary reading, and rewards readers interested in experimental method who read selected chapters slowly.

Who it's for

A good fit for

  • Physics or history of science students seeking to understand how optics was established
  • Readers in the philosophy of science interested in experimental reasoning and the expression of hypotheses
  • General readers fascinated by the modern scientific revolution who are willing to read a classic slowly
  • Science and engineering teachers looking for material on experimental design and scientific writing

Not a good fit for

  • Beginners who want only a quick summary of modern optical conclusions
  • Readers unaccustomed to early modern English long sentences and obsolete terminology
  • Readers expecting popular science narration and abundant modern illustrations

Reading tips

  1. Start with the table of contents and the opening of each book, and enter through chapters on optical phenomena rather than plowing through page by page.
  2. Keep pen and paper to record experimental conditions and conclusions, and add brief notes comparing them with modern optical concepts.
  3. Save the "Queries" for later; understand the experimental sections first, then appreciate their mode of conjecture.
  4. Read alongside an introduction to the history of science or an annotated edition to reduce the obstacles posed by old terminology and syntax.

About the publisher

Project Gutenberg United States · Founded in 1971

Project Gutenberg is a digital publishing project focused on public-domain ebooks. Its publishing direction centers on classic literary works whose copyright has expired, covering genres such as poetry, drama, fiction, and epic. Representative books include Lyrical Ballads by Wordsworth and Coleridge, Proust's Du côté de chez Swann, Shakespeare's Macbeth and The Complete Works of William Shakespeare, Homer's The Iliad, Dante's La Divina Comèdia: Purgatòri, Cervantes's The History of Don Quixote, Volume 2, and Grahame's The Wind in the Willows. Its author resources consist mainly of classic Western writers such as Wordsworth, Proust, Shakespeare, Homer, Dante, Cervantes, Grahame, and Tolstoy. Its publishing feature is the provision of freely accessible ebooks in EPUB and Kindle formats; it is not a traditional publisher, and publicly available information is limited.

Contents

  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4
  5. 5
  6. 6
  7. 7
  8. 8
  9. 9
  10. 10
  11. 11
  12. 12
  13. 13
  14. 14
  15. 15
  16. 16
  17. 17
  18. 18
  19. 19
  20. 20
  21. 21
  22. 22
  23. 23
  24. 24
  25. 25
  26. 26
  27. 27
  28. 28
  29. 29
  30. 30
  31. 31
  32. 32
  33. 33
  34. 34
  35. 35
  36. 36
  37. 37
  38. 38
  39. 39
  40. 40
  41. 41
  42. 42
  43. 43
  44. 44
  45. 45
  46. 46
  47. 47
  48. 48
  49. 49
  50. 50
  51. 51
  52. 52
  53. 53
  54. 54
  55. 55
  56. 56
  57. 57

FAQ

Can I read this book without a physics background?
You can, but adjust your expectations. Much of the book describes experimental phenomena and reasoning; readers without a background can skip the more mathematical passages and treat it as a work on the history and method of science. To understand specific optical conclusions, consult an introductory modern optics text alongside it.
What optical questions does the book mainly discuss?
According to the relevant materials, this is a classic work in physics, dealing with reflection, refraction, dispersion, and related experimental observations, and posing open questions in the form of "Queries." For chapter details, consult the original; readers may first browse the table of contents to locate topics of interest.
How difficult is the English edition?
The original is seventeenth- and eighteenth-century English, with long sentences and terminology that differs from modern usage; it reads more slowly than modern popular science. Try a page or two first, and if it proves difficult, use an annotated edition, an introduction, or course materials on the history of science.

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About the author

Isaac Newton Author · English · 1642–1727

Isaac Newton was an English physicist and mathematician, born in 1642 at Woolsthorpe in Lincolnshire and died in London in 1727. He stands as a culminating figure of the seventeenth-century scientific revolution. In the Principia he set out the three laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation, laying the foundations of classical mechanics; in his optical research he showed that white light is composed of colored rays, and he independently developed the calculus alongside Leibniz. Beyond the natural sciences, he also wrote Opticks, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel and the Apocalypse of St. John, and The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended, works that range across optical experiment, biblical prophecy, and ancient chronology, showing interests that spanned mathematical science, history, and theology. Four of his works are held in this collection; common classification information is currently unavailable, and public information is limited.

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